How does a laminar flow transition to a turbulent flow?

Ref: Direct numerical simulation of complete H-type and K-type transitions with implications for the dynamics of turbulent boundary layers - Sayadi - Hamman - Moin - 2013 - JFM

• Fig 1: Laminar flow.
• Fig 2: Turbulent flow.
• Fig 3: Flow field behavior comparing laminar flow and turbulent flow.
• Fig 4: Turbulence in flow over a car.
• Fig 5: Vessel flow as laminar flow.
• Fig 6: Transition from laminar to turbulent.
• Fig 7: Transition in simulations.
• Fig 8: Turbulent spots.
• Fig 9: Turbulent spots in simulations.
• Fig 10: Transition structures in DNS.
• Fig 11: Transition in pipe experiment.
• Fig 12: Lambda vortices during transition.

What is Science on Tap?

An online symposium to share popular science with the broader range other than existing researchers. They were held weekly during 2021, and provided multiple topics from social science, biology, mechanical engineering, etc, mainly in Chinese. Xinyi serves as an active speaker, and she usually uses multiple sources to explain the topic. No recordings are available. These figures were used only for educational purposes.